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Grpc vs rest api performance8/19/2023 ![]() ![]() ![]() The web browser acts as a client sending an API request to a server to return a website’s HTML, Javascript, and CSS. This string indicates the protocol used to access the website was Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure. When you view a website URL in the browser, you will notice before the website address. A resource URL looks very similar to a URL you type in a web browser to visit a website. When sending a request to a REST API, it is apparent you are using HTTP protocol because your request is sent to a resource URL. REST APIs use HTTP 1.1 communication and gRPCs use HTTP 2.0 protocol. In addition, clients and servers must incorporate code generated by gRPC into their build processes. gRPC, on the other hand, requires clients and servers to use gRPC software to send and receive requests, respectively. It is easier to send REST API calls since you can type Resource URLs into a browser, use cURL to issue commands to the API, or run a script from the terminal. API Exposed EntitiesĪs mentioned before, REST exposes resource URLs and gRPC exposes procedures to clients to access the API. The following are some differences between the REST and gRPC architectural styles. What is the difference between REST API and gRPC? Instead, the client uses a code-generated stub generated by gRPC software. Unlike REST, a client sending a request to a gRPC API does not need a third-party tool to convert the message. In the process above, you’ll notice a procedure is called rather than a resource URL. Use a code-generated stub to make the call.Here are the steps to compose a gRPC request: The data itself, unlike a REST API resource, is hidden. The procedure is the action taken on the data. GRPC, in comparison, allows clients access to API “procedures” that manipulate data. How an API processes a request and sends data back is hidden from the client. With REST, the data, in the form of a resource, is front and center. REST allows clients to access “data objects” using resource URLs. The original RPC has been mostly replaced by gRPC.Ĭlients access and manipulate data exposed by gRPC APIs differently than REST APIs. Google created a variant of gRPC to facilitate fast communication between microservices. Hence, gRPC is Google’s implementation of RPC. The “RPC” in gRPC stands for Remote Procedure Call (RPC) model. Use a third-party tool to translate the request into the client programming language.Calculate the parameter values to use (if any).Here are the steps for sending a REST API request: In particular, its features work well for cloud applications, cloud computing, and microservices. REST’s separation of concerns for the client and server makes it attractive for many projects, including mobile and web development. This interoperability between systems makes web services very popular in modern software development – REST APIs in particular. For example, a client application written in Python can interact with an API server written in Java. The HTTP protocol used by REST APIs allows platforms and systems written in different programming languages to interact with one another. Using this protocol, a client sends an HTTP request for data to an API Server and then the server sends an HTTP response with encoded data back to the client. Web services deal with the interaction between client applications and API servers. A REST API is a web service because it uses HTTP protocol to transmit messages. REST APIs use HTTP 1.1 protocol for data transmission. Finally, they determine the communication mode, communication protocol, payload format, and the entities exposed by the API (data object vs. They tell the client what response to expect from the API based on a specific input. An architectural style determines how clients structure requests and what parameters can be sent to affect the server response. In other words, they determine how clients access and manipulate data the API exposes. In summary, RESTful APIs adhere to REST architectural standards and practices, while gRPC APIs adhere to gRPC standards.Īrchitectural styles define the interaction between clients and API servers. gRPC APIs must be general purpose, performant, payload agnostic, and support multiplexed streaming. For example, REST APIs must follow REST principles such as client-server separation, statelessness, and cachability. REST and gRPC are API architectures that constrain API design according to distinct architectural principles. An API architectural style is a model, or set of rules, for building an API. ![]()
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